V2X Communication

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications, collectively referred to as vehicle-to-everything (V2X), is a wireless technology aimed at enabling data exchanges between a vehicle and its surroundings. V2X technology is based on 5.9 GHz dedicated short-range communications (DSRC), a Wi-Fi derivative specifically defined for fast-moving objects, and enabling the establishment of a reliable radio link, even in non-line-of-sight conditions.

By sharing data, such as their position and speed, to surrounding vehicles and infrastructures, V2X systems improve driver awareness of upcoming potential dangers and dramatically improve collision avoidance, resulting in heavily reduced fatalities and injury severity. In addition, the technology will enhance traffic efficiency by providing warnings for upcoming traffic congestions, proposing alternative routes, and ensuring eco-friendly driving, reducing CO2 emissions through adaptive cruise control, and smarter transportation management.

V2X communication is a form of technology that allows vehicles to communicate with moving parts of the traffic system around them. V2X, or connected-vehicle-to-everything communication, has several components. One of them is V2V, or vehicle to vehicle, which allows vehicles to communicate with one another. Another component is V2I, or vehicle to infrastructure, which allows vehicles to communicate with external systems such as street lights, buildings, and even cyclists or pedestrians. The game-changing technology uses a short-range wireless signal to communicate with compatible systems, and this signal is resistant to interference and inclement weather.

V2X communications systems are mainly geared toward safety, and they can be programmed to be aware of all surroundings in order to help prevent the collision. In a traditional vehicle, V2X systems can convey important information to the driver regarding inclement weather, nearby accidents and road conditions, and the dangerous activities of nearby vehicles. Similarly, in autonomous vehicles, V2X provides extra information beyond the reach of the vehicle’s existing system. As V2X use expands, it will become more pronounced.

How Widespread is V2X Use?

V2X is a relatively nascent market, and many of the system’s benefits will not be fully realized until the market expands. In order for a V2X vehicle to communicate with another vehicle or roadside object, that object must also use V2X technology. Many traffic systems don’t have V2X systems in place, which means that vehicles that do have the technology cannot communicate with them. However, as V2X systems become more pervasive, vehicles are expected to be able to communicate not only with traffic systems but also with cyclists and even pedestrians who carry V2X devices.