1. SELECT: The SELECT statement is used to define the structure and attributes of a file. It specifies the file name, the file type (e.g., SEQUENTIAL, INDEXED, RELATIVE), the access mode (e.g., SEQUENTIAL, RANDOM, DYNAMIC), and other file attributes.

   SELECT My-File
      ASSIGN TO "data.dat"
      ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL
      ACCESS MODE IS RANDOM.

2. OPEN: The OPEN verb is used to open a file for input, output, or both. It prepares the file for subsequent read or write operations.

   OPEN INPUT My-File

3. CLOSE: The CLOSE verb is used to close a previously opened file. This ensures that any buffered data is written to the file and that resources are released.

   CLOSE My-File

4. READ: The READ verb is used to read records from a file. It allows you to retrieve data from the file, one record at a time.

   READ My-File
      AT END
         DISPLAY "End of file."
      NOT AT END
         DISPLAY "Data read from file: " data
   END-READ

5. WRITE: The WRITE verb is used to write records to a file. It allows you to add or update data in the file.

   WRITE My-File
      FROM record-data

6. REWRITE: The REWRITE verb is used to update an existing record in an indexed or relative file. It replaces the current record with new data.

   REWRITE My-File
      FROM updated-record-data

7. DELETE: The DELETE verb is used to remove a record from an indexed or relative file.

   DELETE My-File

8. START: The START verb is used to position the file’s read or write pointer at a specific location based on a key value. It is commonly used in indexed file processing.

   START My-File
      KEY IS key-value

9. CLOSE: The CLOSE verb is used to close a previously opened file. This ensures that any buffered data is written to the file and that resources are released.

   CLOSE My-File

10. REWRITE: The REWRITE verb is used to update an existing record in an indexed or relative file. It replaces the current record with new data. REWRITE My-File FROM updated-record-data
11. DELETE: The DELETE verb is used to remove a record from an indexed or relative file. DELETE My-File
12. START: The START verb is used to position the file’s read or write pointer at a specific location based on a key value. It is commonly used in indexed file processing. START My-File KEY IS key-value